diff --git a/backend/python/tests/test_engine_event.py b/backend/python/tests/test_engine_event.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1d2a526
--- /dev/null
+++ b/backend/python/tests/test_engine_event.py
@@ -0,0 +1,396 @@
+"""#873 双 Claw 事件契约 · 单元哨兵（EngineEvent / ClawAdapter 层）。
+
+为什么存在这个文件（#873 残留的「哨兵补」）：
+    R-DUAL 哨兵(test_dual_claw.py) 只验证了「Web/IM 双端能力一致 + OTel 标签」，
+    但从未直接断言 EngineEvent 工厂与两个 Adapter 的**线格式契约**。
+    这两份契约是单引擎 / 双 Claw 的物理基础 —— 一旦被破坏，前端静默不渲染，
+    且排查极难。本文件把它们锁死为确定性单测（无 DB / 无网络）。
+
+验证范围：
+    1. EngineEvent 工厂：make_delta / reasoning / step / done / error 的线格式
+    2. to_wire() 与既有 ChatPage.tsx 逐键兼容（新增键非空才输出）
+    3. from_wire() 把遗留裸 dict 提升为 EngineEvent（迁移期双向兼容）
+    4. SseAdapter._thin() 默认剥离热帧元数据、终帧保留 trace_id
+    5. SseAdapter.frame() SSE 线格式 + frames() 生成器直到哨兵
+    6. BufferAdapter 累积 / 媒体结构化返回 / 诊断尾注 / 截断
+    7. 双 Claw 接线契约：SseAdapter.claw=="web" / BufferAdapter.claw=="im"
+       + chat.py / im_llm.py 必须引用对应 Adapter（消灭第二份实现）
+"""
+import asyncio
+import json
+import os
+import sys
+
+import pytest
+
+_HERE = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
+APP_DIR = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(_HERE, "..", "app"))
+sys.path.insert(0, os.path.join(_HERE, ".."))
+
+from app.core.engine_event import (  # noqa: E402
+    CLAW_IM,
+    CLAW_WEB,
+    DELTA,
+    DONE,
+    ERROR,
+    REASONING,
+    STEP,
+    SEV_ERROR,
+    SEV_INFO,
+    Diagnosis,
+    EngineEvent,
+    make_delta,
+    make_done,
+    make_error,
+    make_reasoning,
+    make_step,
+    from_wire,
+)
+from app.core.claw_adapters import (  # noqa: E402
+    SseAdapter,
+    BufferAdapter,
+)
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# 1. EngineEvent 工厂线格式
+# =====================================================================
+def test_make_delta_wire():
+    ev = make_delta("你好")
+    assert ev.type == DELTA
+    assert ev.to_wire() == {"type": "delta", "content": "你好"}
+
+
+def test_make_reasoning_wire():
+    ev = make_reasoning("让我想想")
+    assert ev.to_wire() == {"type": "reasoning", "content": "让我想想"}
+
+
+def test_make_step_thinking():
+    ev = make_step("thinking", text="分析中")
+    w = ev.to_wire()
+    assert w["type"] == STEP
+    assert w["step"] == {"type": "thinking", "text": "分析中", "args": {}, "result": ""}
+
+
+def test_make_step_skill_mcp():
+    ev = make_step("skill", name="天气查询", server="", args={"city": "北京"}, result="晴")
+    w = ev.to_wire()
+    step = w["step"]
+    assert step["type"] == "skill"
+    assert step["name"] == "天气查询"
+    assert step["args"] == {"city": "北京"}
+    assert step["result"] == "晴"
+
+    ev2 = make_step("mcp", server="srv", name="tool_a", args={"x": 1})
+    step2 = ev2.to_wire()["step"]
+    assert step2["server"] == "srv"
+    assert step2["name"] == "tool_a"
+
+
+def test_make_step_index_and_node():
+    ev = make_step("skill", name="s", index=3, node={"id": "n1", "type": "llm", "label": "L"})
+    w = ev.to_wire()
+    assert w["index"] == 3
+    assert w["step"]["node"] == {"id": "n1", "type": "llm", "label": "L"}
+
+
+def test_make_step_error_diagnosis_fallback_result():
+    ev = make_step(
+        "mcp",
+        server="srv",
+        name="t",
+        phase="fail",
+        diagnosis={"code": "MCP_TIMEOUT", "severity": "error", "summary": "超时", "detail": "d", "hint": "重试"},
+    )
+    w = ev.to_wire()
+    # 失败且 result 为空时，必须给可读 result 兜底，否则前端判定「运行中」
+    assert w["step"]["result"] == "❌ 超时"
+    assert w["step"]["phase"] == "fail"
+    assert w["step"]["diagnosis"]["code"] == "MCP_TIMEOUT"
+
+
+def test_make_done_full_fields():
+    ev = make_done(
+        message_id="m1",
+        conversation_id="c1",
+        content="最终回复",
+        process_steps=[{"type": "thinking", "text": "x"}],
+        used_skills=["s"],
+        used_mcp=["m"],
+        generating=False,
+    )
+    w = ev.to_wire()
+    assert w["type"] == DONE
+    assert w["message_id"] == "m1"
+    assert w["conversation_id"] == "c1"
+    assert w["content"] == "最终回复"
+    assert w["process_steps"] == [{"type": "thinking", "text": "x"}]
+    assert w["used_skills"] == ["s"]
+    assert w["used_mcp"] == ["m"]
+    assert w["generating"] is False
+
+
+def test_make_error_wire():
+    ev = make_error("崩了", diagnosis={"code": "BOOM", "severity": "error", "summary": "内部错误"})
+    w = ev.to_wire()
+    assert w["type"] == ERROR
+    assert w["message"] == "崩了"
+    assert w["diagnosis"]["code"] == "BOOM"
+
+
+def test_ctx_strips_common_keys():
+    # 通用上下文键(seq/trace_id/tenant_id/claw) 必须从 kw 抽出，不污染 extra
+    ev = make_delta("x", seq=5, trace_id="t1", tenant_id="ten", claw="web")
+    assert ev.seq == 5
+    assert ev.trace_id == "t1"
+    assert ev.tenant_id == "ten"
+    assert ev.claw == "web"
+    assert ev.to_wire() == {"type": "delta", "content": "x"}  # 默认不输出元数据
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# 2. to_wire 与既有前端逐键兼容（新增键非空才输出）
+# =====================================================================
+def test_to_wire_omits_empty_meta_by_default():
+    ev = make_delta("hi")
+    w = ev.to_wire()
+    # 默认不输出 seq/claw/trace_id/tenant_id/diagnosis
+    assert "seq" not in w
+    assert "claw" not in w
+    assert "trace_id" not in w
+    assert "tenant_id" not in w
+    assert "diagnosis" not in w
+
+
+def test_to_wire_emits_meta_when_present():
+    ev = make_done(message_id="m", conversation_id="c", content="ok", trace_id="tr")
+    w = ev.to_wire()
+    # done 终帧本身带 content/message_id 等，trace_id 因非空而输出
+    assert w["trace_id"] == "tr"
+    assert w["message_id"] == "m"
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# 3. from_wire 把遗留裸 dict 提升为 EngineEvent
+# =====================================================================
+def test_from_wire_delta_dict():
+    ev = from_wire({"type": "delta", "content": "hi"})
+    assert isinstance(ev, EngineEvent)
+    assert ev.type == DELTA
+    assert ev.content == "hi"
+
+
+def test_from_wire_passthrough_engineevent():
+    orig = make_delta("x")
+    assert from_wire(orig) is orig
+
+
+def test_from_wire_rejects_malformed():
+    assert from_wire(None) is None
+    assert from_wire("not a dict") is None
+    assert from_wire({"content": "no type"}) is None
+
+
+def test_from_wire_done_roundtrip_content():
+    d = {"type": "done", "message_id": "m", "conversation_id": "c",
+         "content": "fin", "process_steps": [], "used_skills": [], "used_mcp": [], "generating": False}
+    ev = from_wire(d)
+    w = ev.to_wire()
+    # content 必须原样吐回，前端才能渲染终帧
+    assert w["content"] == "fin"
+    assert w["message_id"] == "m"
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# 4. SseAdapter 热帧裁剪 + SSE 线格式
+# =====================================================================
+def test_sse_adapter_thins_meta_by_default():
+    sse = SseAdapter()
+    ev = make_delta("热帧", seq=1, trace_id="t", tenant_id="ten", claw="web")
+    wire = sse._thin(ev, ev.to_wire())
+    # 默认剥离 seq/claw/tenant_id；trace_id 在热帧也剥离
+    assert "seq" not in wire
+    assert "claw" not in wire
+    assert "tenant_id" not in wire
+    assert "trace_id" not in wire
+    assert wire == {"type": "delta", "content": "热帧"}
+
+
+def test_sse_adapter_keeps_trace_on_terminal():
+    sse = SseAdapter()
+    ev = make_done(message_id="m", conversation_id="c", content="ok", trace_id="TRACE-1")
+    wire = sse._thin(ev, ev.to_wire())
+    # 终帧保留 trace_id（排障唯一抓手），其余元数据仍剥离
+    assert wire["trace_id"] == "TRACE-1"
+    assert "seq" not in wire
+    assert "tenant_id" not in wire
+
+
+def test_sse_adapter_wire_meta_true_keeps_all():
+    sse = SseAdapter(wire_meta=True)
+    ev = make_delta("x", seq=2, trace_id="t", tenant_id="ten", claw="web")
+    wire = sse._thin(ev, ev.to_wire())
+    assert wire["seq"] == 2
+    assert wire["claw"] == "web"
+    assert wire["trace_id"] == "t"
+    assert wire["tenant_id"] == "ten"
+
+
+def test_sse_frame_format():
+    frame = SseAdapter.frame({"type": "delta", "content": "hi"})
+    assert frame == 'data: {"type": "delta", "content": "hi"}\n\n'
+
+
+def test_sse_frames_generator_until_sentinel():
+    async def _run():
+        sse = SseAdapter()
+        await sse.emit(make_delta("一"))
+        await sse.emit(make_done(message_id="m", conversation_id="c", content="终", trace_id="T"))
+        await sse.close()
+        frames = [f async for f in sse.frames()]
+        return frames
+
+    frames = asyncio.run(_run())
+    assert len(frames) == 2
+    assert frames[0] == 'data: {"type": "delta", "content": "一"}\n\n'
+    assert frames[1].startswith('data: {"type": "done"')
+    assert 'trace_id": "T"' in frames[1]
+    assert not frames[1].endswith('"}\n\n') or '"}\n\n' in frames[1]
+
+
+def test_sse_emit_counts_and_swallow_exceptions():
+    async def _run():
+        sse = SseAdapter()
+
+        async def boom(ev):
+            raise RuntimeError("adapter must not crash engine")
+        sse._handle = boom  # type: ignore
+        await sse.emit(make_delta("a"))
+        await sse.emit(make_delta("b"))
+        return dict(sse.counts)
+
+    counts = asyncio.run(_run())
+    # 异常被吞掉，但计数仍记录（Adapter 永不反噬引擎）
+    assert counts.get("delta") == 2
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# 5. BufferAdapter 累积 / 媒体 / 诊断
+# =====================================================================
+def test_buffer_accumulates_delta_and_done_priority():
+    buf = BufferAdapter()
+    asyncio.run(buf.emit(make_delta("第一句")))
+    asyncio.run(buf.emit(make_delta("第二句")))
+    # 还没 done 时，text 是累积的 delta
+    assert buf.text == "第一句第二句"
+    asyncio.run(buf.emit(make_done(message_id="m", conversation_id="c", content="终稿")))
+    # done 的 content 优先于累积 delta
+    assert buf.text == "终稿"
+    out = buf.assemble()
+    assert out == "终稿"
+
+
+def test_buffer_drops_reasoning_by_default_keeps_when_flagged():
+    buf = BufferAdapter()
+    asyncio.run(buf.emit(make_reasoning("偷偷想")))
+    asyncio.run(buf.emit(make_delta("公开内容")))
+    assert "偷偷想" not in buf.text
+
+    buf2 = BufferAdapter(keep_reasoning=True)
+    asyncio.run(buf2.emit(make_reasoning("可见思考")))
+    asyncio.run(buf2.emit(make_delta("正文")))
+    assert "可见思考" in buf2.text
+
+
+def test_buffer_extracts_media_struct():
+    buf = BufferAdapter()
+    asyncio.run(buf.emit(
+        make_done(
+            message_id="m", conversation_id="c",
+            content='<img src="https://x/y.png" alt="图">',
+        )
+    ))
+    out = buf.assemble()
+    # 媒体必须返回结构化 dict（IM 内联发图依赖），禁止退化成纯文本
+    assert isinstance(out, dict)
+    assert out.get("__media__") is True
+    assert out.get("media_type") == "image"
+    assert out.get("url") == "https://x/y.png"
+
+
+def test_buffer_diagnosis_tail_note():
+    buf = BufferAdapter()
+    asyncio.run(buf.emit(make_delta("正文")))
+    asyncio.run(buf.emit(
+        make_step("mcp", server="s", name="t", phase="fail",
+                  diagnosis={"code": "E1", "severity": "error", "summary": "工具挂了"})
+    ))
+    asyncio.run(buf.emit(make_done(message_id="m", conversation_id="c", content="正文")))
+    out = buf.assemble()
+    assert "工具挂了" in out  # 失败步骤诊断降级成尾注
+
+
+def test_buffer_error_render():
+    buf = BufferAdapter()
+    asyncio.run(buf.emit(make_error("生成中断", diagnosis={"code": "X", "severity": "error", "summary": "失败"})))
+    out = buf.assemble()
+    assert "失败" in out
+
+
+def test_buffer_truncates_oversized():
+    buf = BufferAdapter()
+    big = "标题\n" + ("长内容" * 6000)
+    asyncio.run(buf.emit(make_delta(big)))
+    asyncio.run(buf.emit(make_done(message_id="m", conversation_id="c", content=big)))
+    out = buf.assemble()
+    assert len(out) <= 20000 + 40  # 截断上限 + 尾注余量
+    assert "已截断" in out
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# 6. Diagnosis 结构
+# =====================================================================
+def test_diagnosis_to_text_im_degradation():
+    d = Diagnosis(code="C", severity=SEV_ERROR, summary="坏了", detail="细节", hint="重试")
+    txt = d.to_text()
+    assert "坏了" in txt
+    assert "细节" in txt
+    assert "重试" in txt
+
+
+def test_diagnosis_roundtrip():
+    d = Diagnosis(code="C", severity=SEV_INFO, summary="s", detail="d", hint="h", retryable=True)
+    dd = Diagnosis.from_dict(d.to_dict())
+    assert dd.code == "C" and dd.retryable is True
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# 7. 双 Claw 接线契约（消灭第二份实现）
+# =====================================================================
+def test_dual_claw_channel_labels():
+    assert SseAdapter().claw == CLAW_WEB == "web"
+    assert BufferAdapter().claw == CLAW_IM == "im"
+
+
+def test_dual_claw_wiring_source_guard():
+    """chat.py 必须引用 SseAdapter；im_llm.py 必须引用 BufferAdapter。
+
+    这是 #873 单引擎原则的硬约束：能力只在 EngineCore 实现一次，
+    两个 Claw 的差异只能收敛在 claw_adapters.py 的两个 Adapter 里，
+    禁止在 chat/im_llm 再写一份事件序列化逻辑。
+    """
+    api_dir = os.path.join(APP_DIR, "api")
+    chat_src = ""
+    im_src = ""
+    for name in ("chat.py", "chat_service.py"):
+        p = os.path.join(api_dir, name)
+        if os.path.exists(p):
+            chat_src = open(p, "r", encoding="utf-8").read()
+            break
+    im_path = os.path.join(api_dir, "im_llm.py")
+    if os.path.exists(im_path):
+        im_src = open(im_path, "r", encoding="utf-8").read()
+
+    assert "SseAdapter" in chat_src, "chat.py 未引用 SseAdapter（Web Claw 事件序列化可能回退到内联实现）"
+    assert "BufferAdapter" in im_src, "im_llm.py 未引用 BufferAdapter（IM Claw 可能又出现第二份实现，#866 类回归）"
diff --git a/docs/dual-claw-event-contract.md b/docs/dual-claw-event-contract.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6ac94ee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/dual-claw-event-contract.md
@@ -0,0 +1,140 @@
+# 双 Claw 引擎事件契约（#873 · P0）
+
+> 任务归属：加速带 #873（事件契约结构化：diagnosis + IM Bot 缓冲）
+> 关联：#874 NodeRegistry（节点身份）、#876 OTel（双 Claw 标签）、#877 落库集成
+> 真相源：`app/core/engine_event.py` + `app/core/claw_adapters.py`（容器 `qihu-aiflow`，镜像 `with-deps=df7adefc7333`）
+> 单测哨兵：`tests/test_engine_event.py`（EngineEvent/Adapter 层） + `tests/test_dual_claw.py`（R-DUAL 双端一致性）
+
+---
+
+## 1. Why：为什么需要收敛事件契约
+
+此前引擎事件是「散落在 `chat_service` 里的裸 dict」：
+
+- 构造点分散，字段全靠记忆，漏一个键前端就**静默不渲染**；
+- 没有 `trace_id` / `tenant_id` / `claw` 标签，可观测（#876）无处落脚；
+- 失败只有一句人话字符串，前端靠 `result.includes('失败')` 猜错误 —— 极脆。
+
+#873 把事件收敛为「**唯一构造入口**」：所有事件必须经 `make_*` 工厂产出，再由 `to_wire()` 统一序列化。新增字段一律「**非空才输出**」，保证既有前端（`ChatPage.tsx`）零改动。
+
+---
+
+## 2. 单引擎原则（最高约束）
+
+```
+能力只在 EngineCore(`_send_message_core`) 实现一次；
+Adapter 只做「引擎事件 → 通道」的搬运，不含任何业务判断。
+
+        ┌──────────────┐   on_event(EngineEvent)   ┌──────────────┐
+        │  EngineCore  │ ────────────────────────► │ ClawAdapter  │
+        └──────────────┘                           └──────┬───────┘
+                                                      │
+                      ┌───────────────────────────────┴────────────────────────┐
+                      ▼                                                ▼
+            SseAdapter (Web Claw)                        BufferAdapter (IM Bot Claw)
+            逐帧 `data: {...}\n\n`                       缓冲装配 → 整条 str | 媒体 dict
+```
+
+**历史教训（#866）**：IM 侧曾出现「第二份实现」，一次全量部署就把它冲掉、能力静默回退。因此两个 Claw 的差异**必须、且只能**收敛在本文件的 `SseAdapter` / `BufferAdapter` 里。任何把引擎事件序列化逻辑写回 `chat.py` / `im_llm.py` 的提交，都会被 `test_engine_event.py` 与 `test_dual_claw.py` 的接线哨兵捕获。
+
+---
+
+## 3. 线格式契约（authoritative —— 前端已消费，禁止破坏）
+
+| 事件 | 线格式（dict） |
+|------|----------------|
+| `delta` | `{"type":"delta","content": str}` |
+| `reasoning` | `{"type":"reasoning","content": str}` |
+| `step` | `{"type":"step","step": {...}, "index"?: int}` |
+| `done` | `{"type":"done","message_id","conversation_id","content","process_steps","used_skills","used_mcp","generating"}` |
+| `error` | `{"type":"error","message": str}` |
+
+`step` 对象契约（`AiProcessBlock` 消费）：
+
+| kind | 结构 |
+|------|------|
+| `thinking` | `{"type":"thinking","text": str}` |
+| `skill` | `{"type":"skill","name": str,"args": dict,"result": str}` |
+| `mcp` | `{"type":"mcp","server": str,"name": str,"args": dict,"result": str}` |
+| `agent`/`kb`/`media` | 同构，按 `type` 选渲染分支 |
+
+**附加字段（新增，前端可选消费，非空才输出）**：
+- `diagnosis`: `{code, severity, summary, detail, hint, retryable}` —— 结构化诊断，取代「把原因塞进 result 字符串」；
+- `phase`: `"start" | "ok" | "fail"` —— 步骤执行阶段；
+- `node`: `{"id","type","label"}` —— #874 图节点身份；
+- `seq` / `trace_id` / `tenant_id` / `claw` —— 可观测维度（#876）。
+
+---
+
+## 4. EngineEvent API（`engine_event.py`）
+
+### 工厂（唯一构造入口）
+- `make_delta(content, *, seq=0, trace_id="", tenant_id="", claw="")` → 正文增量
+- `make_reasoning(content, **)` → 思维链增量
+- `make_step(kind, *, name="", text="", server="", args=None, result="", phase="", index=None, diagnosis=None, node=None, **)` → 过程步骤
+  - `index`：同一步骤「先 `phase=start` 占位，执行完同 `index` 发 `phase=ok|fail` 覆盖」→ 前端实时进度；
+  - `node`（#874）：承载图节点身份，非空才输出，老前端忽略；
+  - `diagnosis` 为 `error` 且 `result` 为空时，自动用 `diagnosis.to_text()` 兜底 `result`（否则前端判定「运行中」）。
+- `make_done(*, message_id, conversation_id, content="", process_steps=None, used_skills=None, used_mcp=None, generating=False, **)` → 终帧（字段集与遗留 done 帧**完全一致**）
+- `make_error(message, *, diagnosis=None, **)` → 错误终帧
+
+### 序列化
+- `EngineEvent.to_wire() -> dict`：兼容铁律 —— 既有键原样输出；新增键一律「非空才输出」（不撑大帧体积、不触发未知分支）。
+- `EngineEvent.to_text() -> str`：无结构 UI（IM Bot）降级文本；返回空串表示「本事件无需展示」。
+
+### 诊断
+- `Diagnosis(code, severity, summary, detail, hint, retryable)`：
+  - `to_dict()` / `from_dict(d)` 双向；
+  - `to_text()`：IM 纯文本降级（`ℹ️/⚠️/❌` 图标 + summary + detail + 建议）。
+
+### 迁移兼容
+- `from_wire(payload)`：把遗留裸 dict 提升为 `EngineEvent`（Adapter 收到老代码 `on_event({...})` 后一律归一化）。`type` 缺失 / 非 dict → 返回 `None`（Adapter 丢弃并告警）。
+
+---
+
+## 5. ClawAdapter API（`claw_adapters.py`）
+
+基类 `BaseClawAdapter`：
+- 实例可直接当 `on_event` 回调传给 EngineCore（`async def __call__(event)` → `emit`）；
+- `emit(event)`：先 `from_wire` 归一化 → 计数 → `_handle`（异常被吞掉，Adapter 永不反噬引擎）；
+- `_normalize(event)`：补全 `seq` / `trace_id` / `tenant_id` / `claw`（Adapter 自身默认值兜底）。
+
+### SseAdapter（Web Claw，逐帧）
+- `claw = "web"`；构造 `SseAdapter(queue=None, *, wire_meta=False)`；
+- `_thin(ev, wire)`：**默认剥离** `seq/trace_id/tenant_id/claw`（实测 delta 单帧 46B→117B 膨胀 2.5x，2000 帧多传 ~140KB 噪音，前端不消费）；**终帧保留 `trace_id`**（排障唯一抓手）；
+- `frame(wire)` → `"data: " + json.dumps(wire, ensure_ascii=False) + "\n\n"`；
+- `frames()` 异步生成器：从 queue 取帧，遇 `__end__` 哨兵结束；
+- `close()`：幂等，投送哨兵帧。
+
+### BufferAdapter（IM Bot Claw，缓冲装配）
+- `claw = "im"`；构造 `BufferAdapter(*, keep_reasoning=False, keep_diagnosis=True)`；
+- 累积规则：
+  - `delta` 累积正文；
+  - `reasoning` 默认丢弃（思维链不该刷屏微信），`keep_reasoning=True` 打开；
+  - `step` 的 `error` 级 `diagnosis` 降级为文本尾注（用户至少知道哪步炸了）；
+  - `done.content` 优先于累积 delta（引擎已做最终裁剪/落库）；
+- `assemble() -> str | dict`：
+  - 媒体（以 `<img` / `<video` 开头）→ 返回结构化 `{"__media__": True, "media_type": "image"|"video", "url": "..."}`（IM 内联发图/发视频依赖，禁止退化成纯文本）；
+  - 空 body + error → `_render_failure()`；空 body + generating → 「内容正在生成」；否则正文 + 诊断尾注 + 生成提示；
+  - 超 `_MAX_ASSEMBLED_CHARS=20000` 截断并标注「内容过长已截断」。
+
+---
+
+## 6. Web / IM 双 Claw 接线方式
+
+| Claw | 入口 | Adapter | 线格式 |
+|------|------|---------|--------|
+| Web | `chat.py` `/messages/stream` | `SseAdapter`（委托，线格式逐字节一致） | SSE `data:` 逐帧 |
+| IM Bot | `im_llm.py`（灰阶门控） | `BufferAdapter` | 整条 `str` / `__media__` dict |
+
+- `im_llm.py` 经 `BufferAdapter` 复用 `EngineCore`（`_call_engine_core`），媒体走快路径；
+- **IM_USE_ENGINE_CORE 灰阶门（默认 OFF）**：生产零改动，开启后 IM 走统一引擎，单引擎红利即时生效；
+- 两个 Adapter 必须分别被 `chat.py` / `im_llm.py` 引用（接线哨兵 `test_engine_event.py::test_dual_claw_wiring_source_guard` 锁死）。
+
+---
+
+## 7. 测试与可观测
+
+- `tests/test_engine_event.py`：EngineEvent 工厂 / `to_wire` 兼容 / `from_wire` / SseAdapter 裁剪与 SSE 格式 / BufferAdapter 累积与媒体 / 双 Claw 接线契约（确定性、无 DB、无网络）；
+- `tests/test_dual_claw.py`（R-DUAL-*）：Web/IM 能力一致、命名同源、`__media__` 保留、OTel `tenant_id`+`claw_type` 标签；
+- 指标（#876）：`aiflow_span_count` / `aiflow_span_duration_ms` / `aiflow_llm_route_total`，维度含 `claw_type ∈ {web, im_wechat}`、`tenant_id`，Grafana 看板 `qihuaiflow-dual-claw-876`。